Requirements and methods for CCTV Installation
1.
Introduction
The objective of this document is to provide a
reference against which Installers of CCTV systems, whether analogue, digital
or a combination of these technologies, can be inspected to ensure that the
functions and performance of CCTV systems installed by them are within levels
agreed by the licensed contractor and the client or user of the CCTV system
during the System Design phase of the process.
This document is not a technical reference but
sets out the PSA licensing requirements for the installation of CCTV systems.
Its function is to facilitate the licensing process for CCTV installers by the
Private Security Authority. It is a companion document to the Standard
Recommendation 40 (SR40) and any provision, paragraph, clause or sentence
within SR40 that is in conflict with this document shall be disregarded.
This document has been prepared by the Private
Security Authority in consultation with representatives from the private
security industry and An Garda SÃochána. This document may be an interim
measure which will be used to underpin the licensing of installers of CCTV
systems. When an agreed standard becomes available which is adopted nationally,
this document may be superseded and replaced by that standard for CCTV
installation.
This is a working document and is subject to alteration or withdrawal in
consultation with the relevant private security industry stakeholders at the
discretion of the Private Security Authority.
2.
Definitions
CCTV
system: A system consisting of
electronic or other devices designed constructed or adapted to monitor or record images on or in the vicinity of
premises.
CCTV
surveillance installation (installation): An installation consisting of the hardware and software components of a CCTV system, fully installed and
operational for monitoring on or in the vicinity of premises.
CCTV
camera (camera): A unit
containing an imaging device producing a video signal from an optical image.
CCTV
camera equipment: A unit
containing a CCTV camera plus appropriate lens and necessary ancillary equipment.
camera
housing: An enclosure to provide
physical and/or environmental protection of the camera, lens and ancillary equipment.
client:
The purchaser of the CCTV system or
representative(s) of the purchaser appointed for the purpose of purchasing the CCTV system.
data:
image, meta and other data of the CCTV system.
documentation:
paperwork (or other media) prepared during the
design, installation and hand over
of the CCTV system, recording details of the CCTV system, including paperwork
(or other media) related to maintenance (where applicable).
event:
incident in the real world.
EXAMPLE: A fire (burning house), an intrusion
(broken door) or moving person, a power failure, a short circuit, an intruder
passing into or into the vicinity of a premises.
export:
transfer of data from the original location to a
secondary storage location with a minimum
of necessary changes.
fault
condition: condition
of the system which prevents the CCTV system or parts thereof functioning normally.
frame
rate: numbers of frames per
second.
illumination:
level of illumination on the area to be kept
under surveillance.
image:
visible representation of a frame as a
rectangular grid of pixels.
interconnections:
means by which messages and/or signals are
transmitted between CCTV system
components.
lens:
an optical device for projecting an image of a
desired scene on to the photo-sensitive surface
of the imaging device.
notification: passing an alarm or a message of the CCTV system to an external system.
operator: authorised individual (a user) using a CCTV system for its intended
purpose.
response:
every control command, change of system
conditions or information to external devices
or persons driven by alarms, faults, messages or triggers.
risk:
potential negative impact to an asset or value
that may arise from some future event respecting
the probability of loss.
surveillance:
observation or inspection of persons or premises
for security purposes through alarm
systems, CCTV systems, or other monitoring methods.
system
components: individual
items of equipment which make up a CCTV system when configured together.
Uninterrupted
Power Supply (UPS): A device
that provides battery backup in the event that the primary power source to an electrical system is interrupted,
fails or falls below a level of power which is required for the operation of
the electrical system in question. The UPS system may provide backup power for
a period of minutes or several hours.
User: authorised individual using a CCTV system for its intended purpose.
Overview
There is no theoretical limit to the number of
cameras and monitors which may be used in a
CCTV installation but, in practice, this will be limited by the efficient
combination of control and display equipment and the operators’ ability to
manage the system. The process flow chart at Appendix 1, sets out the process
flow from location survey through to commissioning and handover of the CCTV
System.
Location Survey
The criteria above will be determined by a location
survey of the site where the CCTV system
is to be installed. This location survey shall also take account of the
following:
a) Risk
b) Contents
c) Building
d) Supervision levels
The location survey shall have, at least,
sufficient detail to address the security
requirements of the client and shall lead to a site plan being prepared
with the optimal positioning points for cameras being indicated on the site
plan. The purpose of the location survey and site plan is to identify the best
placings for cameras, the direction of natural light, potential and actual
environmental problems.
System Design
The objectives of the system design stage are to
determine the extent of the CCTV system;
select the appropriate equipment and to prepare a system design proposal.
The system design shall also be informed by the client’s and/or user’s
requirements as to the purpose of the camera images.
Where the objective of the CCTV system design is
solely for the purposes of observing images
of persons or where this is among the objectives of the system design there is
a relationship between the operator task and the size of the target (person) on
the screen (see Appendix 2 under Level of
Quality). If the target is a person and the CCTV system has an installed
limiting resolution of better than 400 tv lines, the minimum sizes of the
target1 shall be:
(i) for identification the target shall represent
not less that 120% of screen height.
(ii) for recognition the target shall represent not
less than 50% of screen height.
(iii) for detection the target shall represent not
less than 10% of the picture height.
(iv) for monitoring (e.g. crowd control) the target
shall represent not less than 5% of the picture height.
1 An illustrative example of this would be a 10 inch
or 25.4 cm monitor screen. For monitoring the target shall take up at least 5%
of the screen height available (i.e. at least ½ inch or 1.27 cm of the screen
height in this example). For detection the target shall take up at least 10% of
the screen height available (i.e. at least 1 inch or 2.54 cm of the screen
height in this example). For recognition the target shall take up at least 50%
of the screen height available (i.e. at least 5 inches or 12.7 cm of the screen
height in this example). For identification the target shall require at least
120% of the screen height available (i.e. at least a 12 inch or 30.48 cm screen
to view the entire target in this example).
Where digital CCTV technology is used and the
intended target is a person or persons the equivalent level of quality shall
apply.
When designing the system, installers shall
conduct a risk assessment to determine the risk level and shall also design the system paying attention to the
function of the observation or surveillance as described by the client and/or
user. The function of the observation or surveillance can include:
- crowd control- theft- unauthorised entry
When designing a CCTV surveillance installation,
the following criteria shall be taken into
account under the headings Operational Requirements and documented in an
easily understood and clear format:
Operational Requirements
a) Purpose(s) of the surveillance.
b) Potential threat or activity to be monitored
and/or recorded.
c) Determination of the zones or objects requiring
surveillance.
d) Determination of the number of cameras, and
their locations, required to monitor the agreed zones and objects.
e) Intended target(s) of the surveillance and the
frame rate appropriate to the target’s speed within the location under
surveillance.
f) Response required on detection of an event.
g) Manner in which images will be viewed and
recorded.
h) How data will be exported from the system to
permanent record.
i)
Individuals
who will require access to the recorded data.
j)
Selection
of cameras and equipment depending on the operating environmental conditions.
k) Control centre configuration including secure
location of control equipment.
l)
Power
supplies; the use of a mini UPS System should be considered in situations where
there is no UPS in place.
m) Functional and operating procedures.
n) Maintenance and repair.
o) Evaluation of existing lighting and
consideration of new or additional illumination including the use of Infra Red
cameras or lamps.
p) Image resolution required.
q) Determination of the most appropriate
transmission method to be utilised.
r)
Compression
technique to be used in recording (where appropriate).
The system design shall reflect the client’s
and/or user’s instructions or requests regarding the system requirements including, where required, alert
function(s)2, display3, recording4 and
export/archive.
An operational requirements form shall be
completed for each camera in a CCTV System
installation as set out in Appendix 2. Where cameras have identical
operational requirements they may be grouped together on one form, providing
the camera reference and location are included for each camera.
Where a CCTV
system is installed
and integrated with
detectors the following requirements shall be
adhered to:
- Detectors shall be installed in accordance with the requirements of I.S.
EN 50131-1, as applicable. Manufacturer’s recommendations shall be complied with
in the installation of cameras using video detection.
- The range of any detector shall not be greater than the field of view of
any associated camera.
- The range of any detector should not cover any
area outside of the site or location.
e.g. Audible alarm, visual alarm, text message or
image.
e.g. No of screens required, number of cameras per
display screen, type of display.
Duration of retention of images before being
overwritten. Desired image quality of recorded image. Any additional
information to be recorded with the image.
- The position of any detector shall be chosen so
that it is not adversely affected by the rising or setting of the sun.
- Multiple detectors shall not be connected to a
single input unless individually identified by the CCTV control equipment.
Where the location survey and system design
documentation demonstrates that additional
lighting is required and where this has been advised to, and agreed with,
the client and/or user, the installation of such lighting shall be sufficient
to illuminate the fields of view of each camera. The replacement of lighting
shall be carried out in accordance with the manufacturer’s requirements.
System Design Proposal
A System Design Proposal shall be prepared for
submission to the client. The proposal shall include the information detailed in Appendix 3. A sample System
Design Proposal is included at Appendix 4.
The System Design Proposal may be subject to
alteration at other stages in the implementation
of the system. Any such changes shall be agreed between the licensed contractor
and the client and/or user. In these cases the documentation shall be amended
accordingly.
Installation Planning
Prior to commencing the installation of the
components of the CCTV system, the following issues shall be considered.
Manufacturer’s
recommendations
All system components shall be installed in
accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. If installation of a
component in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations is not
possible, advice should be sought from the manufacturer or supplier.
Environmental
considerations
System components shall be suitable for the
environmental conditions in which they are to operate. Examples of environmental
considerations include potential impact of changes in foliage from season to
season, potential impact of daily and seasonal variations in light and climatic
conditions.
Competence
The installation shall be
carried out by installers with the necessary training and experience.
Installers shall have the appropriate tools and test equipment necessary to
install the CCTV system correctly. Where measuring equipment is used, the
equipment must be of a standard necessary to provide the required precision and
accuracy to install and test the system.
Prior to commencing work all relevant health and
safety requirements shall be considered. These will vary with the nature of the
premises and may involve special installation equipment when working in
hazardous areas.
Electrical installation methods shall comply
with current national and site regulations and the electrical installation
shall be carried out by technicians who are qualified to the appropriate level.
Test and Commission
Inspection
An inspection of the system shall be carried out
and documented on completion of the installation of the CCTV system to confirm
that the CCTV system has been installed in accordance with the System Design
Proposal. Any deviations shall be recorded for inclusion in the As Fitted
Document. A sample Inspection Checklist is included at Appendix 5.
Functional testing
The CCTV system shall be tested and compared
with the requirements included in the System Design Proposal as amended by the
As Fitted Document.
As
Fitted Document
A document shall be prepared, based upon the
System Design Proposal, amended to reflect any changes to the CCTV design found
to be necessary during the installation process. The As Fitted Document shall
be an accurate record of the installed CCTV system including any information
relating to the equipment installed and its location. A signed and dated copy
of the As Fitted Document shall be given to the client after satisfactory
completion of inspection and testing.
Maintenance
Regular preventative maintenance or servicing
should be carried out to ensure that the CCTV system performs to the same level
as pertained at the time of commissioning and hand-over of the system.
Maintenance, servicing and repair of CCTV
systems shall only be carried out by a contractor in possession of a current,
valid CCTV Installer's licence issued by the PSA.
It is the client’s responsibility to arrange for the CCTV system to be
properly maintained (inspected and
serviced) and repaired as scheduled or necessary. A documented arrangement
should be made between the client and a licensed company for the repair and
maintenance of the CCTV system. The arrangements shall specify the schedule of
maintenance agreed including:
•
the
frequency of maintenance required,
•
whether
the maintenance is undertaken remotely or on-site, and
•
the
requirements of such maintenance
Preventative maintenance shall include the items
contained in Appendix 6 of this document. The client shall be informed, in
writing, of the date the maintenance was carried out and the identity of the
person who carried out the maintenance.
Where any on-site maintenance is carried out, a
documented record shall be signed by the
maintenance technician/engineer and the client and/or user. Where any
agreed remote maintenance is undertaken, the maintenance technician/engineer
shall supply the client and/or user with details of the maintenance undertaken.
Where the
person carries out agreed corrective or responsive maintenance, the client
shall receive, in writing, a
document
•
outlining
the fault condition requiring correction or repair,
•
the
actions taken to remedy the fault condition, and
• an
undertaking that the system has been returned to the operational status
pertaining before the fault condition occurred.
Modifications made to the CCTV installation or its configuration, shall
be documented and notified in
writing to the client and/or user and an inspection test shall be carried out
on the relevant components or parts of the system.
Flow Chart of
CCTV installations
OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CCTV SYSTEMS
N.B. This Form should be filled out for each
camera1 prior to installation. For cameras with identical
operational requirements see footnote below.
Where cameras have identical operational
requirements they may be grouped together on one form, providing the camera
reference and location as above are included for each camera. If required, a
separate sheet attached to the form above may be used to record these details.
Information to be included in the System Design
Proposal
A system design proposal shall be prepared for
the attention of the client or specifier (or his/her agent) of the CCTV system.
The proposal shall include all the information necessary to enable the client
or specifier to ensure the CCTV system is appropriate for the application. The
information provided in the proposal shall include the following.
Client details
The name, address and the trading name (if different from the name of
the client) and any other information necessary to clearly identify the client
Contractor details
The name, address and trading name of the
contractor (if a trading name is used) shall be included along with any other
information necessary for the client to identify and/or contact the contractor.
Headed company stationery with contractor details is acceptable in this regard.
Supervised area details
The name and address of the supervised area
shall be included if different from the address of the client. This shall also
include a description of the supervised area and an indication of what the area
is used for.
Schedule of equipment
A schedule of the type and location of
operational equipment (in words and/or diagrammatic form) shall be included.
Notification
Details of the proposed notification equipment
shall be included along with the name and contact details of the remote
monitoring station, in the event that the CCTV system is subject to remote
monitoring.
Legislation
Details of any claims of compliance of the
system components to any local or National legislation shall be included.
Standards
Details of any claims of compliance of the
system components to any National or European Standards shall be included.
Other regulations
Details of any claims of compliance of systems
components to any other regulations shall be included.
Certification
Details of any claims for certification of the system components shall
be included.
Maintenance
The system design proposal shall include recommendations for the
scheduled maintenance of the CCTV system or individual components including
details of the frequency of any maintenance visits and a list of the work to be
carried out during each visit.
Appendix 3 (cont'd)
When serviced the CCTV system shall be
inspected, tested and adjusted to ensure correct operation in line with the
functional requirements of the CCTV system as outlined in the As Fitted
Document.
Care should be taken to ensure that the
equipment is properly reinstated after testing. All maintenance shall be
carried out in reference to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Repair
Details of the proposed repair service to be provided including contact
names and telephone numbers.
CCTV SYSTEMS
SAMPLE LAYOUT FOR SYSTEM DESIGN PROPOSAL
Checklist for CCTV Installation
6. Maintenance
CLIENT’S
NAME AND ADDRESS:_______________________________
________________________________________________________________
MAINTENANCE
DUE ON: _____________________
DATE
MAINTENANCE CARRIED OUT: _____________________
MAINTENANCE CARRIED OUT BY:
_____________________
I
CERTIFY THAT I HAVE CARRIED OUT THE FOLLOWING MAINTENACE ON THE CCTV SYSTEM
LOCATED AT _____________________________________ ON THE DATE ABOVE:
System History since last
maintenance visit checked
Signs of
deterioration or damage checked for, through visual inspection. Cameras, lenses
and housing checked and cleaned.
Remote signalling equipment
(where fitted) checked and tested. Recording and playback quality checked
Lenses and pictures checked
for correct field of view and adjusted (if necessary) All CCTV control
equipment (e.g. monitors, multiplexers, DVR, etc) checked. Transmission of images to remote centre checked (where applicable)
All test results logged and
available for inspection
CCTV system returned to
operational status (date and time conveyed to client)
Additional
Comments (if required)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Signature of
Maintenance Operative: __________________________________
Date: __________________________________
Signature of
Client: ________________________________
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